Psychology

Types of Personality Type A Personality The Type A personality generally lives at a higher stress level. Some of the factors related to their working at this level are given below: 1) They enjoy achievement of goals. 2) They enjoy achieving goals that are more difficulit. 3) They constantly keep working hard to achieve their goals. 4)Once they start to work they cannot stop, even when they have achieved goals. 5) They feel the pressure of time, as they have to reach their goals within the stipulated time period. 6) They work so hard that there is no rest that they take and thus are totally exhausted. 7) They are highly competitive and generally creates competition if there is none as it gives them great enjoyment and pleasure to compete and win. 8) They hate failures and work hard to avoid it. 9)They are well educated persons and successful too and physically they appear fine even though they are highly stressed out. Development of...

The Proprium Allport clarified that personality is not bundle of unrelated traits but they are traits in a personality which have between them a consistency, unity and integration. This implies that the personality has a clear organisation and structure and also is governed by certain important principles. This entire orgnisation was called by Allport as the Proprium. Let us see what is proprium. According to Allport, proprium is the highest in the personality structure which consists of all aspects of personality which bring about inward unity and consistency in the personality of the individual together in the proprium goverm the entire organisation of personality. The proprium contains within it dynamic and manifests itself in almost all aspects of human behaviour. Let us see how this Proprium develops. According to Aliport it develops through sevens stages and these stages are given below: 1) Sense of body 2) Self-identity 3) Self-esteem 4) Self-extension 5) ...

Allport Traits Theory According to Allport traits constitutes the basic unit of individual personality traits as the predisposition to respond and react in the same or similar manner to stimuli in the environment. According to him, there are two types of traits (i) Common traits (ii) Personal traits or dispositions. Some of the important characteristics of traits are as given below: 1) Traits are not theoretical structures or constructs but are real and found within the individual. 2) Traits guide and direct behaviour and enable the individual to behave in a particular manner. 3) Traits are verified empirically. 4) Different traits are not absolutely independent of each other but have overlapping functions, 5) Stable traits can also change over time. i) Common traits We all are aware that persons belonging to a certain coun try or a community within a society behave similarly in a number of situations. They will hold the same view points a...

HARRY STACK SULLIVAN Harry Stack-Sullivan focused both on social aspects of personality and cognitive representations. This moved him away from Freud's psychosexual development Sullivan, saw anxiety as existing only as a result of social interactions. He described techniques, much like defense mechanisms, that provide tools for people to use in order to reduce social anxiety. He developed a model regarding failures in interpersonal relationships as being largely responsible for mental illnesses. In his words, it is the "interactional," not the "intrapsychic, forces that must be studied in order to find the causes, and develop treatments for, even the most severe psychoses. This search for satisfaction via personal involvement with others led Sullivan to characterise loneliness as the most painful of human experiences. Selective Inattention is one such mechanism. According to Sullivan, mothers show their anxiety about child rearing to their children through...

Erickson's Development Theory Erickson's theory of psychosocial development is one of the best-known theories of personality in psychology. Much like Sigmund Freud, Erikson believed thatpersonality develops in a series of stages. Unlike Freud's theory of psychosexual stages, Erikson's theory describes the impact of social experience across the whole lifespan. One of the main elements of Erikson's psychosocial stage theory is the development of ego identity. Ego identity is the conscious sense of self that we develop through social interaction. According to Erikson, our ego identity is constantly changing due to new experience and information we acquire in our daily interactions with others in addition to ego identity, Erikson also believed that a sense of competence also motivates behaviours and actions. Each stage in Erikson's theory is concerned with becoming competent in an area of life. If the stage is handled well, the person will feel a sens...

Do you know how many psychosexual stages of development and what is the result of there is a disturbance in these stage?? Different stages taking place at different age level have clear erogenous Jones the kind of experience and individual gets during each stage of development decides whether he will be fixated at the that stage or move on the next stage it is discussed in the following sections: Oral Phase oral stage is the first stage of psychosexual development it lasts from the birth of one year the focus of gratification during this stage is on the mouth and pleasure is a result of nursing but also of exploration of the surroundings. The Id is dominant at this stage since neither the ego nor the superego is fully formed. A child does not have a sense of self and all his actions are based on pleasure. However the ego is under formation during this stage. The formation of the ego is contributed by two factors. 1) the infant recognises that the body is di...

Today we are learn about the great psychiatrist "Sigmund Freud" Sigmund Freud was born in Moravia on May 6,  1856. And died in London on September 23, 1939 as a young man he decided that he wanted to be a scientist. With this goal in mind he entered the medical school of the university Vienna in 1873, graduating 8 years later. Freud never intended to practice medicine but the scanty rewards of scientific work the limited opportunities for academic advancement for a Jew, and the needs of a growing family forced in the enter private practice . In spite of his practice, we found time for research and writing and he accomplishment as a medical investigator and him a solid reputation. He said, the personality is made up for three major systems: id, the ego and the superego. Although which of these provinces of the total personality has its own functions, properties, components, operating principle dynamisms and mechanism, the interact so closely with one another th...

Today we learn about learning . What is Learning? Learning is a continuous process happening throughout the life of human beings if a person does not learn anything you can be considered a vegetable this lightning occurs everywhere but the systemized learning is the price concern of education system education programs like formal non formal and informal education in the developing the learning learning was with education by processing psychological approach does educational psychology scientifically approach the  concept of learning. Here are the some definitions of Learning There are many definitions available to define learning but common consensus over the definitions is yet to be arrived at learning can be defined as any relativity permanent change in behaviour that occur as a result of practice or experience. Gates (1946) the modification in behaviour to meet environmental recruitments. Gardner Murphy (1968) the term learning covers every mod...

Yesterday, We learnt about what is psychology and personality and  today we learn about Characteristic features of Personality. Personality has the following dimensions The first is psychological systems: Personality is a system with psychological and physical aspect the interacting element in the system of trade emotions in collect temperament character and motives. These are psychological but they are based in the neurology and endorcrinology of a person's body. The 2nd is dynamic organisation It means different element in psychological system are independent but work in an interlocking manner they are subject to change which can happen gradually over a period of time. Do you know we have some consistency in psychology It means personality is a stable organisation and has element of consistency it means a person's behaviour remains the same in different situation and consistency is in behaviour is found when same situation is repeated over a period of time t...

What is Personality?  The word "personality" has been derived from the Latin word "persona" which means a mask worn by an actor while performing a character on the stage. Thus personality is taken to mean the characteristic pattern or style of behaviour of the person revealed from his external appearance. The external properties of a person include his dress, speech, bodily actions, postures, habits and expressions. Thus a person endowed with good external properties is considered to possess a good personality and vice versa. But you know this is not the reality. Mere external properties can not make a personality. And if we go by this concept how and where would we rate the personality of persons like Mahatma Gandhi, Lal Bahadur Shastri George Bernard Shaw and many others whose external appearance was not highly endowed. These persons are certainly not favored by nature in external properties. Therefore. it was realised that personality included something ...